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Issuer Reserve Income Monitor

As of August 16, 2026, the $299.5B USD par pegged float implied an estimated $11.17B in annualized reserve income at the 3.73% 3-month Treasury bill rate. Tether held 61.1% of the float.

Stablecoin issuers hold customer float in short-dated reserves, so their revenue is, to a first approximation, the market's supply multiplied by the front-end Treasury rate. At the current 3-month US Treasury bill rate of 3.73%, the $299.5B USD par-pegged float generates an estimated $11.17B in annualised reserve income across all issuers. This is a stated-assumption estimate, not reported revenue: it assumes the full float earns the 3-month bill rate and ignores reserve composition, operating costs and yield passed through to holders.

Est. Annual Reserve Income
$11.17B
all USD par issuers, run-rate
USD Par-Pegged Float
$299.5B
supply earning the rate
3-Month T-bill Rate
3.73%
monthly series, latest
Top Issuer Share
61.1%
Tether

Estimated Income Run-Rate Over Time

Daily estimate: USD par-pegged supply × 3-month T-bill rate, annualised. The series moves with both supply growth and the rate cycle — a rate cut compresses issuer economics even when supply keeps growing.

The Two Components

USD par-pegged float (left axis) and the 3-month Treasury bill rate (right axis). The income estimate above is the product of these two series.

Estimated Reserve Income by Issuer (Latest)

Supply grouped by issuing company at the 3-month T-bill rate of 3.73%. Estimates share every assumption stated above; issuers differ materially in reserve mix, rate pass-through and cost base.

# Issuer Coins Float (USD) Est. Income / Year
1 Tether USDT $183.0B $6.83B / yr
2 Circle USDC $71.8B $2.68B / yr
3 Sky Protocol DAI, USDS $14.5B $0.54B / yr
4 Paxos PYUSD, USDG, USDP $6.3B $0.23B / yr
5 World Liberty Financial USD1 $4.0B $0.15B / yr
6 Ethena USDE $4.0B $0.15B / yr
7 Ripple RLUSD $1.7B $0.06B / yr
8 TRON DAO USDD $1.6B $0.06B / yr
9 Falcon Finance USDB, USDF $1.5B $0.05B / yr
10 Aave ASONUSDC, GHO $0.7B $0.03B / yr
11 Figure YLDS $0.7B $0.03B / yr
12 Usual Protocol USD0 $0.6B $0.02B / yr
13 Other issuers $9.2B $0.34B / yr
Methodology

The estimate: annualised reserve income ≈ USD par-pegged supply × the 3-month US Treasury bill rate. Supply is the USD par-pegged float on the same universe definition as the platform's headline figure (excluding yield-bearing wrappers, tokenized commodities and non-USD pegs), compiled from this page's own daily series, so it can differ from the headline total by a fraction of a percent; the rate is a monthly official series carried forward between releases.

What it deliberately ignores: reserve composition (issuers hold mixes of bills, overnight repo, money-market funds, bank deposits and, in some cases, other assets), duration positioning, operating costs, and yield shared with distribution partners or passed to holders. Reported issuer revenue can sit meaningfully above or below this proxy — the value of the series is its consistency over time, not its precision for any one issuer.

Issuer grouping follows the platform's companies directory: each par-pegged coin maps to its issuing company, and smaller or unmapped issuers fold into "Other issuers". Full definitions in the methodology.

Frequently Asked Questions
How much money do stablecoin issuers make from reserves?
At the current 3-month US Treasury bill rate of 3.73%, the $299.5B of USD par-pegged stablecoin float generates an estimated $11.17B per year in reserve income across all issuers. This is a stated-assumption estimate — it assumes the entire float earns the 3-month bill rate — not reported revenue.
Why do stablecoin issuers earn interest on reserves?
Most fiat-backed stablecoins do not pay interest to holders, while the reserves backing them are invested in short-dated instruments such as Treasury bills and overnight repo. The spread between the front-end rate and the zero yield paid to holders is the core issuer business model, which makes issuer economics directly sensitive to the central-bank rate cycle.
What happens to issuer income when the Fed cuts rates?
The estimate scales linearly with the front-end rate: a one-percentage-point decline in the 3-month bill rate removes roughly one percentage point of annualised yield on the entire float, holding supply constant. Supply growth can offset rate compression, which is why the monitor charts both components separately.
Is this the issuers' actual revenue?
No. It is a consistent proxy computed from public data: supply multiplied by the 3-month Treasury bill rate. Actual results differ with reserve composition, duration, operating costs and revenue-sharing agreements. The series is designed for tracking the trend in issuer economics, not for estimating any single company's financials.

Cite as: Stablecoin Beat Research, “Stablecoin issuer reserve income monitor,” stablecoinbeat.com/charts/reserve-income/, retrieved August 16, 2026.